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| Git Cheat Sheet |
INSTALL GIT
GitHub provides desktop clients that include a graphical user interface for the most common repository actions and an automatically updating command line edition of Git for advanced scenarios.- GitHub for Windows https://windows.github.com
- GitHub for Mac https://mac.github.com
- Git distributions for Linux and POSIX systems are available on the official Git SCM web site.
- Git for All Platforms http://git-scm.com
CONFIGURE TOOLING
Configure user information for all local repositories
$ git config --global user.name "[name]" Sets the name you want attached to your commit transactions |
$ git config --global user.email "[email address]" Sets the email you want attached to your commit transactions |
$ git config --global color.ui auto Enables helpful colorization of command line output |
CREATE REPOSITORIES
Start a new repository or obtain one from an existing URL$ git init [project-name] Creates a new local repository with the specified name |
$ git clone [url] Downloads a project and its entire version history |
MAKE CHANGES
Review edits and craft a commit transaction$ git status Lists all new or modified files to be committed |
$ git diff Shows file differences not yet staged |
$ git add [file] Snapshots the file in preparation for versioning |
$ git diff --staged Shows file differences between staging and the last file version |
$ git reset [file] Unstages the file, but preserve its contents |
$ git commit -m "[descriptive message]" Records file snapshots permanently in version history |
GROUP CHANGES
Name a series of commits and combine completed efforts$ git branch Lists all local branches in the current repository |
$ git branch [branch-name] Creates a new branch |
$ git checkout [branch-name] Switches to the specified branch and updates the working directory |
$ git merge [branch] Combines the specified branch’s history into the current branch |
$ git branch -d [branch-name] Deletes the specified branch |
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| Git Cheat Sheet |
REFACTOR FILENAMES
Relocate and remove versioned files$ git rm [file] Deletes the file from the working directory and stages the deletion |
$ git rm --cached [file] Removes the file from version control but preserves the file locally |
$ git mv [file-original] [file-renamed] Changes the file name and prepares it for commit |
REVIEW HISTORY
Browse and inspect the evolution of project files$ git log Lists version history for the current branch |
$ git log --follow [file] Lists version history for a file, including renames |
$ git diff [first-branch]...[second-branch] Shows content differences between two branches |
$ git show [commit] Outputs metadata and content changes of the specified commit |
SUPPRESS TRACKING
Exclude temporary files and paths*.log build/ temp-* |
A text file named .gitignore suppresses accidental versioning of files and paths matching the specified patterns |
$ git ls-files --other --ignored --exclude-standard Lists all ignored files in this project |
REDO COMMITS
Erase mistakes and craft replacement history$ git reset [commit] Undoes all commits after [commit], preserving changes locally |
$ git reset --hard [commit] Discards all history and changes back to the specified commit |
SAVE FRAGMENTS & SYNCHRONIZE CHANGES
Shelve and restore incomplete changes Register a repository bookmark and exchange version history$ git stash Temporarily stores all modified tracked files | $ git fetch [bookmark] Downloads all history from the repository bookmark | |
$ git stash pop Restores the most recently stashed files | $ git merge [bookmark]/[branch] Combines bookmark’s branch into current local branch | |
$ git stash list Lists all stashed changesets | $ git push [alias] [branch] Uploads all local branch commits to GitHub | |
$ git stash drop Discards the most recently stashed changeset | $ git pull Downloads bookmark history and incorporates changes |