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| Penyelesaian Soal Metode Topsis - UTS |
Studi Kasus
Untuk membantu masyarakat agar memiliki rumah layak huni, pemerintah secara rutin menyalurkan dana bantuan untuk melakukan program bedah rumah. Dana bantuan ini diprioritaskan diberikan pada masyarakat dengan golongan tidak mampu. Setiap tahunnya, Desa Sariharjo mendapatkan Dana Bantuan Bedah Rumah sebesar Rp. 10.000.000 untuk memperbaiki rumah salah satu warga di Desa Sariharjo.Pendataan yang dilakukan oleh Kepala Desa Sariharjo tahun ini didapatkan 5 rumah yang kondisinya sudah tidak layak huni yaitu Rumah Bapak Poniran, Rumah Ibu Ani, Rumah Bapak Wasito, Rumah Bapak Kus, Rumah Ibu Yatemi. Kriteria yang digunakan untuk melakukan pemilihan rumah mana yang berhak mendapatkan bantuan ada 5 yaitu:
1. Jumlah penghasilan per bulan (Cost)
2. Jumlah tanggungan keluarga (Benefit)
3. Kondisi atap rumah (Benefit)
- Beri nilai 3 jika kerusakan atap rumah rusak berat dan membahayakan penghuni rumah,
- Beri nilai 2 jika kerusakan atap rumah sedang, dimana dalam jangka waktu yang cukup lama dapat roboh,
- Beri nilai 1 jika kerusakan atap rumah ringan.
- Beri nilai 5 jika dinding rumah masih belum permanen / anyaman bambu,
- Beri nilai 4 jika dinding rumah sudah permanen namun kondisinya rapuh,
- Beri nilai 2 jika dinding rumah sudah permanen dengan kondisi rangka baik namun belum plester,
- Beri nilai 0 jika dinding sudah permanen dengan kondisi baik dan sudah di cat.
- Beri nilai 3 jika warga yang bersangkutan aktif dalam kegiatan desa,
- Beri nilai 2 jika warga yang bersangkutan cukup aktif dalam kegiatan desa, dan
- Beri nilai 0 jika warga yang bersangkutan tidak aktif dalam kegiatan desa.
Bobot dari masing-masing kriteria dinilai dari skala 1 sampai dengan 5
- 1 = Sangat rendah,
- 2 = Rendah,
- 3 = Cukup,
- 4 = Tinggi,
- 5 = Sangat Tinggi.
Pengambil keputusan memberikan bobot untuk tiap kriteria adalah W = (5, 4, 4, 5, 3).
Berdasarkan hasil penilaian Kepala Desa, kondisi masing-masing rumah digambarkan dalam tabel di bawah ini:
Berdasarkan hasil penilaian Kepala Desa, kondisi masing-masing rumah digambarkan dalam tabel di bawah ini:
Alternatif | Kriteria | ||||
penghasilan per-bulan (…*100.000) | Tanggungan keluarga | Kerusakan Rumah | Status Rumah | Komunikasi/ Peran Aktif | |
Bapak Poniran | 4 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 3 |
Ibu Ani | 3 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 2 |
Bapak Wasito | 4.5 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 3 |
Bapak Kus | 3.5 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 3 |
Ibu Yatemi | 3 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 2 |
Dengan metode TOPSIS tentukan siapakah dari ke-5 orang warga yang berhak mendapat kesempatan untuk dibedah rumahnya?
Penyelesaian
1. Menentukan Kriteria dan Sifat
Nama Kriteria | Sifat | Bobot |
C1 | Cost | 5 |
C2 | Benefit | 4 |
C3 | Benefit | 4 |
C4 | Benefit | 5 |
C5 | Benefit | 3 |
2. Menentukan Rating Kecocokan
Alternatif | Kriteria | ||||
C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | C5 | |
A1 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 3 |
A2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 2 |
A3 | 4.5 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 3 |
A4 | 3.5 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 3 |
A5 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 2 |
3. Menentukan Matriks Keputusan Ternormalisasi
X1 | X2 | X3 | X4 | X5 |
4 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 3 |
3 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 2 |
4.5 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 3 |
3.5 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 3 |
3 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 2 |
\[\text{ }\!\!|\!\!\text{ x1 }\!\!|\!\!\text{ }\!\!|\!\!\text{ }=\sqrt{\text{(}{{\text{4}}^{\text{2}}}\text{ + }{{\text{3}}^{\text{2}}}\text{ + 4}\text{.}{{\text{5}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+ 3}\text{.}{{\text{5}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+ }{{\text{3}}^{\text{2}}}\text{) }}\text{= 8}\text{.154753215}\]
r11 = x11 / |x1| = 4 / 8.154753215 = 0,490511472
r21 = x21 / |x1| = 3 / 8.154753215 = 0,367883604
r31 = x31 / |x1| = 4.5 / 8.154753215 = 0,551825406
r41 = x41 / |x1| = 3.5 / 8.154753215 = 0,429197538
r51 = x51 / |x1| = 3 / 8.154753215 = 0,367883604
r41 = x41 / |x1| = 3.5 / 8.154753215 = 0,429197538
r51 = x51 / |x1| = 3 / 8.154753215 = 0,367883604
\[\text{ }\!\!|\!\!\text{ x2 }\!\!|\!\!\text{ }\!\!|\!\!\text{ }=\sqrt{\text{(}{{\text{4}}^{\text{2}}}\text{ + }{{\text{2}}^{\text{2}}}\text{ + }{{\text{5}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+ }{{\text{3}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+ }{{\text{2}}^{\text{2}}}\text{) }}\text{= 7}\text{.615773106}\]
r12 = x12 / |x2| = 4 / 7.615773106 = 0,525225731
r22 = x22 / |x2| = 2 / 7.615773106 = 0,262612866
r32 = x32 / |x2| = 5 / 7.615773106 = 0,656532164
r42 = x42 / |x2| = 3 / 7.615773106 = 0,393919299
r52 = x52 / |x2| = 2 / 7.615773106 = 0,262612866
r42 = x42 / |x2| = 3 / 7.615773106 = 0,393919299
r52 = x52 / |x2| = 2 / 7.615773106 = 0,262612866
\[\text{ }\!\!|\!\!\text{ }\!\!|\!\!\text{ x3 }\!\!|\!\!\text{ }\!\!|\!\!\text{ }=\sqrt{\text{(}{{\text{3}}^{\text{2}}}\text{ + }{{\text{3}}^{\text{2}}}\text{ + }{{\text{2}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+ }{{\text{3}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+ }{{\text{3}}^{\text{2}}}\text{) }}\text{= 6}\text{.324555320}\]
r13 = x13 / |x3| = 3 / 6.324555320 = 0,474341649
r23 = x23 / |x3| = 3 / 6.324555320 = 0,474341649
r33 = x33 / |x3| = 2 / 6.324555320 = 0,316227766
r43 = x43 / |x3| = 3 / 6.324555320 = 0,474341649
r53 = x53 / |x3| = 3 / 6.324555320 = 0,474341649
r43 = x43 / |x3| = 3 / 6.324555320 = 0,474341649
r53 = x53 / |x3| = 3 / 6.324555320 = 0,474341649
\[\text{ }\!\!|\!\!\text{ }\!\!|\!\!\text{ x4 }\!\!|\!\!\text{ }\!\!|\!\!\text{ }=\sqrt{\text{(}{{\text{5}}^{\text{2}}}\text{ + }{{\text{5}}^{\text{2}}}\text{ + }{{\text{2}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+ }{{\text{5}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+ }{{\text{5}}^{\text{2}}}\text{) }}\text{= 10}\text{.198039027}\]
r14 = x14 / |x4| = 5 / 10.198039027 = 0,490290338
r24 = x24 / |x4| = 5 / 10.198039027 = 0,490290338
r34 = x34 / |x4| = 2 / 10.198039027 = 0,196116135
r44 = x44 / |x4| = 5 / 10.198039027 = 0,490290338
r54 = x54 / |x4| = 5 / 10.198039027 = 0,490290338
r44 = x44 / |x4| = 5 / 10.198039027 = 0,490290338
r54 = x54 / |x4| = 5 / 10.198039027 = 0,490290338
\[\text{ }\!\!|\!\!\text{ }\!\!|\!\!\text{ x5 }\!\!|\!\!\text{ }\!\!|\!\!\text{ }=\sqrt{\text{(}{{\text{3}}^{\text{2}}}\text{ + }{{\text{2}}^{\text{2}}}\text{ + }{{\text{3}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+ }{{\text{3}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+ }{{\text{2}}^{\text{2}}}\text{) }}\text{= 5}\text{.916079783}\]
r15 = x15 / |x5| = 3 / 5.916079783 = 0,507092553
r25 = x25 / |x5| = 2 / 5.916079783 = 0,338061702
r35 = x35 / |x5| = 3 / 5.916079783 = 0,507092553
r45 = x45 / |x5| = 3 / 5.916079783 = 0,507092553
r55 = x55 / |x5| = 2 / 5.916079783 = 0,338061702
r45 = x45 / |x5| = 3 / 5.916079783 = 0,507092553
r55 = x55 / |x5| = 2 / 5.916079783 = 0,338061702
Matriks Ternormalisasi R
0,490511472 | 0,525225731 | 0,474341649 | 0,490290338 | 0,507092553 |
0,367883604 | 0,262612866 | 0,474341649 | 0,490290338 | 0,338061702 |
0,551825406 | 0,656532164 | 0,316227766 | 0,196116135 | 0,507092553 |
0,429197538 | 0,393919299 | 0,474341649 | 0,490290338 | 0,507092553 |
0,367883604 | 0,262612866 | 0,474341649 | 0,490290338 | 0,338061702 |
4. Perkalian Antara Bobot Dengan Nilai Setiap Atribut (Matriks R)
Diperoleh matriks Y sebagai berikut.
0,490511472*5 | 0,525225731*4 | 0,474341649*4 | 0,490290338*5 | 0,507092553*3 |
0,367883604*5 | 0,262612866*4 | 0,474341649*4 | 0,490290338*5 | 0,338061702*3 |
0,551825406*5 | 0,656532164*4 | 0,316227766*4 | 0,196116135*5 | 0,507092553*3 |
0,429197538*5 | 0,393919299*4 | 0,474341649*4 | 0,490290338*5 | 0,507092553*3 |
0,367883604*5 | 0,262612866*4 | 0,474341649*4 | 0,490290338*5 | 0,338061702*3 |
menjadi,
2.452557358 | 2.100902926 | 1.897366596 | 2.451451689 | 1.521277659 |
1.839418018 | 1.050451463 | 1.897366596 | 2.451451689 | 1.014185106 |
2.759127028 | 2.626128657 | 1.264911064 | 0.980580676 | 1.521277659 |
2.145987688 | 1.575677194 | 1.897366596 | 2.451451689 | 1.521277659 |
1.839418018 | 1.050451463 | 1.897366596 | 2.451451689 | 1.014185106 |
5. Menentukan Matriks Solusi Ideal Positif & Negatif
Sifat kriteria | Y+ | Y- | |
C1 = penghasilan per-bulan | Cost | Min = 1.839418018 | Max = 2.759127028 |
C2 = tanggungan keluarga | Benefit | Max = 2.626128657 | Min = 1.050451463 |
C3 = kerusakan rumah | Benefit | Max = 1.897366596 | Min = 1.264911064 |
C4 = status rumah | Benefit | Max = 2.451451689 | Min = 0.980580676 |
C5 = peran aktif | Biaya/Cost. | Max = 1.521277659 | Min = 1.014185106 |
Dapat disimpulkan : | A+ = {1.839418018; 2.626128657; 1.897366596; 2.451451689; 1.521277659} | A- = {2.759127028; 1.050451463; 1.264911064; 0.980580676; 1.014185106} | |
6.a. Jarak Antara Alternatif Ai Dengan Solusi Ideal Positif
\[D{{1}^{+}}=\sqrt{\begin{smallmatrix} {{\text{(}2.452557358\text{-}1.839418018\text{)}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+(}2.100902926\text{-}2.626128657{{\text{)}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+(}1.897366596\text{-}1.897366596{{\text{)}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+} \\ {{\text{(}2.451451689\text{-}2.451451689\text{)}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+(}1.521277659\text{-}1.521277659{{\text{)}}^{\text{2}}} \end{smallmatrix}}=0.807342504\]
\[D{{2}^{+}}=\sqrt{\begin{smallmatrix} {{\text{(}1.839418018\text{-}1.839418018\text{)}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+(}1.050451463\text{-}2.626128657{{\text{)}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+(}1.897366596\text{-}1.897366596{{\text{)}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+} \\ {{\text{(}2.451451689\text{-}2.451451689\text{)}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+(}1.014185106\text{-}1.521277659{{\text{)}}^{\text{2}}} \end{smallmatrix}}=1.655264776\]
\[D{{3}^{+}}=\sqrt{\begin{smallmatrix} {{\text{(}2.759127028\text{-}1.839418018\text{)}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+(}2.626128657\text{-}2.626128657{{\text{)}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+(}1.264911064\text{-}1.897366596{{\text{)}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+} \\ {{\text{(}0.980580676\text{-}2.451451689\text{)}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+(}1.521277659\text{-}1.521277659{{\text{)}}^{\text{2}}} \end{smallmatrix}}=1.846436081\]
\[D{{4}^{+}}=\sqrt{\begin{smallmatrix} {{\text{(}2.145987688\text{-}1.839418018\text{)}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+(}1.575677194\text{-}2.626128657{{\text{)}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+(}1.897366596\text{-}1.897366596{{\text{)}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+} \\ {{\text{(}2.451451689\text{-}2.451451689\text{)}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+(}1.521277659\text{-}1.521277659{{\text{)}}^{\text{2}}} \end{smallmatrix}}=1.094272927\]
\[D{{5}^{+}}=\sqrt{\begin{smallmatrix} {{\text{(}1.839418018\text{-}1.839418018\text{)}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+(}1.050451463\text{-}2.626128657{{\text{)}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+(}1.897366596\text{-}1.897366596{{\text{)}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+} \\ {{\text{(}2.451451689\text{-}2.451451689\text{)}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+(}1.014185106\text{-}1.521277659{{\text{)}}^{\text{2}}} \end{smallmatrix}}=1.655264776\]
6.b. Jarak Antara Alternatif Ai Dengan Solusi Ideal Negatif
\[D{{1}^{-}}=\sqrt{\begin{smallmatrix} {{\text{(}2.452557358\text{-}2.759127028\text{)}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+(}2.100902926\text{-}1.050451463{{\text{)}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+(}1.897366596\text{-}1.264911064{{\text{)}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+} \\ {{\text{(}2.451451689\text{-}0.980580676\text{)}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+(}1.521277659\text{-}1.014185106{{\text{)}}^{\text{2}}} \end{smallmatrix}}=2.004504336\]
\[D{{2}^{-}}=\sqrt{\begin{smallmatrix} {{\text{(}1.839418018\text{-}2.759127028\text{)}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+(}1.050451463\text{-}1.050451463{{\text{)}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+(}1.897366596\text{-}1.264911064{{\text{)}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+} \\ {{\text{(}2.451451689\text{-}0.980580676\text{)}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+(}1.014185106\text{-}1.014185106{{\text{)}}^{\text{2}}} \end{smallmatrix}}=1.846436081\]
\[D{{3}^{-}}=\sqrt{\begin{smallmatrix} {{\text{(}2.759127028\text{-}2.759127028\text{)}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+(}2.626128657\text{-}1.050451463{{\text{)}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+(}1.264911064\text{-}1.264911064{{\text{)}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+} \\ {{\text{(}0.980580676\text{-}0.980580676\text{)}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+(}1.521277659\text{-}1.014185106{{\text{)}}^{\text{2}}} \end{smallmatrix}}=1.655264776\]
\[D{{4}^{-}}=\sqrt{\begin{smallmatrix} {{\text{(}2.145987688\text{-}2.759127028\text{)}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+(}1.575677194\text{-}1.050451463{{\text{)}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+(}1.897366596\text{-}1.264911064{{\text{)}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+} \\ {{\text{(}2.451451689\text{-}0.980580676\text{)}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+(}1.521277659\text{-}1.014185106{{\text{)}}^{\text{2}}} \end{smallmatrix}}=1.863439378\]
\[D{{5}^{-}}=\sqrt{\begin{smallmatrix} {{\text{(}1.839418018\text{-}2.759127028\text{)}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+(}1.050451463\text{-}1.050451463{{\text{)}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+(}1.897366596\text{-}1.264911064{{\text{)}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+} \\ {{\text{(}2.451451689\text{-}0.980580676\text{)}}^{\text{2}}}\text{+(}1.014185106\text{-}1.014185106{{\text{)}}^{\text{2}}} \end{smallmatrix}}=1.846436081\]
7. Menentukan Nilai Preferensi Untuk Setiap Alternatif
\[V1=\frac{D_{1}^{-}}{D_{1}^{-}+D_{1}^{+}}=\frac{2.004504336}{2.004504336+0.807342504}=0.712878208\]
\[V2=\frac{D_{2}^{-}}{D_{2}^{-}+D_{2}^{+}}=\frac{1.846436081}{1.846436081+1.655264776}=0.527296921\]
\[V3=\frac{D_{3}^{-}}{D_{3}^{-}+D_{3}^{+}}=\frac{1.655264776}{1.655264776+1.846436081}=0.472703079\]
\[V4=\frac{D_{4}^{-}}{D_{4}^{-}+D_{4}^{+}}=\frac{1.863439378}{1.863439378+1.094272927}=0.630027260\]
\[V5=\frac{D_{5}^{-}}{D_{5}^{-}+D_{5}^{+}}=\frac{1.846436081}{1.846436081+1.655264776}=0.527296921\]
8. Perangkingan
- Bpk. Poniran = 0.712878208
- Bpk. Kus = 0.630027260
- Ibu Ani = 0.527296921
- Ibu Yatemi = 0.527296921
- Bpk. Wasito = 0.472703079
